The last decade saw the awakening of Al from a six-decade-long slumber. Since its awakening, Al has been growing like wildfire, engulfing everything on its path.

The term artificial intelligence has been around for over half a century. In spite of that, it was never a part of any serious scientific discussion and remained in the realm of fiction. However, this changed with the development of deep learning over a decade ago. This decade saw unprecedented advancements in the area of machine learning, with data science algorithms, deep learning, and fully connected networks becoming a reality. Advancements in machine learning have touched every field of life, including engineering, science, linguistics, arts, social science, behavioral science, economics, and medical science. Deep learning has surpassed human capabilities in many areas of pattern recognition and classification. The advent of the new wave of Al is arguably as big as the control of fire by early humans. Unlike any other technological breakthrough of the past, Al is going to affect all walks of human activity, from employment to social relations, from wars to healthcare, from security to privacy and personal freedom. Al has opened enormous opportunities in all possible areas of application. However, these opportunities come with their own set of apprehensions and ethical dilemmas.